Los Angeles Criminal Defense of DUI / DWI Arrests

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Los Angeles Criminal Defense of DUI / DWI Arrests

A Los Angeles DUI / DWI arrest requires fast action – you or your loved one must arrange to be released on bail or on your own recognizance (OR) and request a hearing with the California DMV within 10 days of arrest or risk the automatic suspension of your driver’s license. Fortunately, you don’t have to face your Los Angeles DUI / DWI charge alone – the experienced drunk driving lawyers of The Kavinoky Law Firm are here to help. Our team of top criminal defense lawyers in Los Angeles can help arrange bail, request a DMV hearing, and begin planning your strategic defense.

The evidence against you in your Los Angeles DUI / DWI case can seem overwhelming – the prosecutor may be armed with a chemical test that shows a blood alcohol content (BAC) of .08 percent or greater. In addition, you may have been told that you “failed” your field sobriety test, and that the officer observed you exhibiting signs of drunk driving. . However, all of the evidence in an L.A. DUI / DWI case is open to challenge. The Kavinoky Law Firm’s DUI / DWI and Criminal Defense Attorneys in Los Angeles, CA will examine every shred of evidence in your drunk driving case to find viable challenges designed to create reasonable doubt in your guilt.

If you refused to submit to a chemical test to establish your BAC after an L.A. DUI / DWI arrest, you will face special challenges both in court, and at the California Department of Motor Vehicles. Some drivers refuse to submit to a breath or blood test after a Los Angeles DUI / DWI arrest because they believe it will help their case if there is no BAC evidence against them.

However, if you refused a chemical test, you can receive additional punishment from both the criminal courts and the Department of Motor Vehicles. The California DMV can suspend your license for a longer period of time if a refusal occurred, and the prosecutor can use your chemical test refusal as evidence of “consciousness of guilt.” In fact, police in Los Angeles can take your blood by force and then charge you with a chemical test refusal because you didn’t submit willingly to the test. However, there are some circumstances where a chemical test refusal can be excused in a Los Angeles DUI / DWI case, and it’s up to your lawyer to fight this allegation.

A Los Angeles drunk driving arrest creates unique challenges, so it’s critical to have a local DUI / DWI lawyer fighting for your rights. With offices in Woodland Hills and Santa Monica and throughout California, the skilled DUI / DWI lawyers of The Kavinoky Law Firm are ready to aggressively fight your drunk driving charge anywhere in Los Angeles County or across the state. Contact us today for a free consultation.

New Laws in 2008

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New Laws in 2008

Every year, California adds scores of new laws to the books, and 2008 is no exception. Below is a brief summary of new laws that take effect this year. Unless otherwise noted, each statute took effect on Jan. 1, 2008. If you find yourself on the wrong side of the law this year, please don’t hesitate to contact the skilled defense lawyers of The Kavinoky Law Firm.

One of the most talked-about new laws in California this year is the ban on using hand-held cell phones while driving. This new law, which takes effect July 1, 2008, dictates that drivers can only use hands-free cell phone devices while operating a motor vehicle. Drivers who fail to comply face a $20 fine, which will later increase to $50.

Drivers under the age of 18 will be banned from using any cell phone, even hands-free devices, on July 1, 2008. Minors who violate this law will be subject to a $20 fine, which will later increase to $50.

Under California law, drivers who smoke with a minor in the car now face a $100 fine. This law applies to everyone. However, police cannot stop a vehicle merely to check for smoking; they must have another reason to initiate a traffic stop.

California has passed several new laws pertaining to drunk driving and DUI / DWI. Individuals who are on probation for DUI / DWI are now barred from driving with a blood alcohol content (BAC) of .01 percent or greater. Police can determine the driver’s BAC with a PAS test, or Preliminary Alcohol Screening test, to which the driver is required to submit under California’s Implied Consent law.

Another new California drunk-driving law pertains to driver’s license applications. Beginning July 1, 2008, everyone who applies for a new driver’s license or renews an old one must acknowledge in writing that DUI / DWI offenses that causes death can result in murder charges.

California authorities are also continuing to crack down on drag-racing and speed contests. Any vehicle used in a speed contest, exhibition of speed, or reckless driving on a highway can now be impounded for 30 days.

Another new law on California’s books makes it less likely that you’ll see jailhouse photos of Paris Hilton, Lindsay Lohan, or any other jailed celebrity. Under California law, it is now a misdemeanor for peace officers, government attorneys, or court employees to sell confidential information, photos, or videos from inside secure facilities such as jails. Anyone convicted of selling or soliciting such material faces a $1,000 fine plus forfeiture.

California law now prohibits the unauthorized possession of a cell phone, pager or wireless internet device in jail. Failure to comply is a misdemeanor punishable by a $1,000 fine. Possession of tobacco by inmates is now a $250 infraction.

A series of amendments went into effect Jan. 1, 2008 that change existing law. For example, California recently amended the law to add parking enforcement officers to the list of assault victims whose assailants can receive enhanced penalties.

Another amended law requires courts hearing domestic violence cases to consider issuing a 10-year restraining order against defendants sentenced to prison, jail or probation for DV offenses. Another amended section of the California Penal Code increases the notification time of victims and family members in domestic violence and child-abuse cases from 45 to 60 days.

Another new law requires pet owners to inform the victim of a dog bite within 48 hours of the owner’s name, address, telephone number, the dog’s name, license number and vaccination status. Anyone who fails to comply is guilty of an infraction and must pay a $100 fine.

California criminal law is extremely complex, and as you can see, more laws are added every year. If you’re facing California criminal charges, you need an expert defense lawyer at your side who will fight aggressively for your rights. The experienced attorneys of The Kavinoky Law Firm are ready to defend you on any California criminal charge. To learn more about effective defenses to California criminal charges, including DUI / DWI, domestic violence, drug charges, white-collar crime, or any other offense, contact us today for a free consultation.

New California Driving Laws for 2009

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New California Driving Laws for 2009

As of January 1, 2009, a host of new driving laws went on the books in California, and being aware of these statutes will help you avoid trouble with the law in the New Year. As always, if you have any questions about any California Vehicle Code, feel free to contact an attorney from The Kavinoky Law Firm at 1.877.466.2833 for more information.

Perhaps the most talked-about new law is California’s ban on texting. As of January 1, it’s against the law to type, send, and read electronic messages while behind the wheel. Like California’s law requiring the use of hands-free cell phones while driving, the new text-messaging ban carries a $20 fine for a first offense and a $50 fine for a second offense, but the state’s “penalty assessment” means the fine will be significantly higher.

Even more importantly, violating either of these laws gives police probable cause to pull you over, which can lead to more serious charges. These types of relatively minor violations can result in an arrest for DUI or another serious offense.

Another new law impacts drivers who are on probation for a California DUI conviction. Under the new zero-tolerance law, drivers on probation for a prior DUI conviction who have any measurable amount of alcohol in their systems will have their driver’s licenses suspended.

California has also lowered the threshold for ignition interlock devices, or IIDs, in DUI cases. In the past, California law required that judges give “heightened consideration” to ordering DUI drivers with a blood alcohol content (BAC) of .20 percent or greater to use an ignition interlock device. The new law lowers the threshold for an IID, which prevents a car from starting if the driver cannot provide an alcohol-free breath sample, to .15 percent.

Beginning in July 2009, drivers who are caught driving after having their licenses suspended for a prior DUI conviction will also be required to use an ignition interlock device. This new law also transfers authority over the use of ignition interlock devices from the courts to the California Department of Motor Vehicles.

New California legislation also requires drivers convicted of DUI or alcohol-related reckless driving – also known as “wet-reckless” – to attend a nine-month alcohol-education program if they’ve been convicted of another DUI or wet-reckless offense within the past decade.

Other changes to the law include new criminal penalties for forging Clean Air stickers, harsher penalties for those who make frivolous 911 calls, and changes to the law that governs where GPS units can be mounted. In the past, mounting the unit on the windshield was against the law. Now drivers can mount the devices in a 7-inch square on the lower passenger side of the windshield or a 5-inch square on the lower corner of the driver’s side.

By keeping yourself informed about California’s ever-evolving vehicle and criminal codes, you can better prepare yourself to stay out of trouble in 2009. And should you ever need us, the experienced California defense lawyers of The Kavinoky Law Firm are here to help. You can contact us at 1.877.466.2833 for answers to all of your questions about California vehicle and criminal codes.

New California Laws for 2010

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New California Laws for 2010

The U.S. Supreme Court has ruled that criminal suspects’ statements can be used against them if they fail to invoke their rights.
The court ruled 5-4 that criminal suspects have a duty to invoke the rights outlined in the historic Miranda vs. Arizona decision, including the right to remain silent and to have an attorney present during questioning. In the past, the court held that the government had the burden of demonstrating that a suspect had knowingly and intelligently waived his rights.

Tuesday’s ruling addressed a Michigan case where a man was convicted of murder based largely on his one-word response to a question after nearly three hours of interrogation.  His conviction was overturned by an appeals court that ruled that using his answer to convict him violated his right against self-incrimination. The Supreme Court’s ruling overturned that decision.
Our constitutional rights have eroded considerably in recent years, so it’s more important than ever to have a skilled defense lawyer on your side if you’re under investigation for a criminal charge.  The top California defense attorneys of The Kavinoky Law Firm are well-known for standing up for the rights of their clients, and will do everything possible to protect you during a criminal investigation. Contact a skilled California defense lawyer today at 1-800-NO-CUFFS for a free consultation.

A new year brings new laws in California, and 2010 is no exception.  There are a number of new laws on the books that impact convicted DUI drivers and certain individuals charged with theft or other property crimes. Another new law increases the amount of time credit earned by certain inmates in California county jails and prisons.  Yet another new law prevents authorities from sending low-level, non-violent offenders back to prison for parole violations. As in every year, the list of new California laws is lengthy, so we’ve summarized the most noteworthy ones here. If you have any questions about any of these new laws and how they will affect your case, you can always contact The Kavinoky Law Firm at 1-800-NO-CUFFS.

Two new laws will impact many individuals convicted of DUI. AB 91 creates a pilot program that requires every driver convicted of DUI in Los Angeles, Alameda, Sacramento and Tulare counties – even first offenders – to install and use an ignition interlock device.  The law will remain in effect until 2016, when the pilot program may be extended and expanded to include other counties.

SB 598 is a bill that will allow DUI offenders to obtain restricted driver’s licenses sooner than they would otherwise if they install and use an ignition interlock device.  Convicted DUI drivers will still have a certain period of “hard” suspension when they are not allowed to drive at all, but that hard suspension will be shortened by installing an ignition interlock device.

A new law that takes effect January 25, 2010 increases the dollar amount that determines whether more than 30 theft and property crime offenses can be charged as felonies rather than misdemeanors.  For example, the threshold for a felony charge of writing a check with non-sufficient funds increased from $200 to $400. The limits for some offenses, such as theft of currency or jewelry, remain unchanged.

Certain individuals serving time in California county jails will earn more time credits than before under another new law that takes effect on January 25, 2010. In the past, inmates in county jails earned two days of credit for every four days spent in custody. Under the new law, they will earn two days of credit for every two days served.  Some defendants are excluded from earning the additional credit for time served. They include individuals convicted of violent felonies who are limited to a 15-percent reduction credit under California Penal Code section 2933.1; those required to register as sex offenders; and individuals convicted of serious felonies or with prior convictions for serious felonies. Up to six weeks of additional credit can also be earned by many state prison inmates who complete certain prison programs.

Another new law that takes effect January 25, 2010 prevents certain individuals from being returned to prison for parole violations. The individual cannot be returned to prison for a parole violation if all of the following are true: he or she is not required to register as a sex offender, wasn’t convicted of a serious felony, doesn’t have a prior conviction for a serious felony, wasn’t convicted of a sexually violent offense, wasn’t found guilty of a serious disciplinary offense, isn’t a validated gang member or associate, didn’t refuse to sign a notification of parole conditions, and wasn’t determined in an evaluation to have a high risk of reoffending.

Understanding California’s complex criminal statutes and the many new laws that are passed each year is difficult. Fortunately, the knowledgeable California defense attorneys of The Kavinoky Law Firm ensure that they’re up on the latest developments in the law, so that you don’t have to.  If you have any questions about any aspect of your California criminal case, please don’t hesitate to call us today at 1-800-NO-CUFFS.

New California Driving Laws for 2009

As of January 1, 2009, a host of new driving laws went on the books in California, and being aware of these statutes will help you avoid trouble with the law in the New Year. As always, if you have any questions about any California Vehicle Code, feel free to contact an attorney from The Kavinoky Law Firm at 1.877.466.2833 for more information.

Perhaps the most talked-about new law is California’s ban on texting. As of January 1, it’s against the law to type, send, and read electronic messages while behind the wheel. Like California’s law requiring the use of hands-free cell phones while driving, the new text-messaging ban carries a $20 fine for a first offense and a $50 fine for a second offense, but the state’s “penalty assessment” means the fine will be significantly higher.

Even more importantly, violating either of these laws gives police probable cause to pull you over, which can lead to more serious charges. These types of relatively minor violations can result in an arrest for DUI or another serious offense.

Another new law impacts drivers who are on probation for a California DUI conviction. Under the new zero-tolerance law, drivers on probation for a prior DUI conviction who have any measurable amount of alcohol in their systems will have their driver’s licenses suspended.

California has also lowered the threshold for ignition interlock devices, or IIDs, in DUI cases. In the past, California law required that judges give “heightened consideration” to ordering DUI drivers with a blood alcohol content (BAC) of .20 percent or greater to use an ignition interlock device. The new law lowers the threshold for an IID, which prevents a car from starting if the driver cannot provide an alcohol-free breath sample, to .15 percent.

Beginning in July 2009, drivers who are caught driving after having their licenses suspended for a prior DUI conviction will also be required to use an ignition interlock device. This new law also transfers authority over the use of ignition interlock devices from the courts to the California Department of Motor Vehicles.

New California legislation also requires drivers convicted of DUI or alcohol-related reckless driving – also known as “wet-reckless” – to attend a nine-month alcohol-education program if they’ve been convicted of another DUI or wet-reckless offense within the past decade.

Other changes to the law include new criminal penalties for forging Clean Air stickers, harsher penalties for those who make frivolous 911 calls, and changes to the law that governs where GPS units can be mounted. In the past, mounting the unit on the windshield was against the law. Now drivers can mount the devices in a 7-inch square on the lower passenger side of the windshield or a 5-inch square on the lower corner of the driver’s side.

By keeping yourself informed about California’s ever-evolving vehicle and criminal codes, you can better prepare yourself to stay out of trouble in 2009. And should you ever need us, the experienced California defense lawyers of The Kavinoky Law Firm are here to help. You can contact us at 1.877.466.2833 for answers to all of your questions about California vehicle and criminal codes.

 

DRIVING UNDER THE INFLUENCE CHARGES FOR ATV DRIVERS

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Friday, June 30, 2006

DRIVING UNDER THE INFLUENCE CHARGES FOR ATV DRIVERS

WOODLAND HILLS, Calif. — Fans of sun and sand are gearing up for fun summer weekends full of riding ATVs and drinking with friends.  However, those who enjoy a few beers before driving an all-terrain vehicle may be in for an unfortunate surprise:  DUI charges can be brought against them, and those charges can be devastating.

In recent years the dangers and illegality of boating under the influence have been emphasized, and many people now know that they can be arrested for drinking and boating. However, many people do not realize that driving an all-terrain vehicle while impaired is just as dangerous and just as illegal.

“The punishments for driving an ATV while intoxicated are identical to those for driving a car under the influence of alcohol,” said California criminal defense attorney Wendy Wittenberg.  “I’ve dealt with many defendants who were arrested and charged with DUI while driving ATVs.  They were all shocked.  They had no idea that it was illegal, or that they could lose their driving privileges and serve jail time.”

According to California law, a person driving any vehicle on a public highway can be arrested for driving under the influence if his or her blood alcohol content measures .08 percent or more.  If convicted, this person may have to serve jail time, participate in a DUI school and pay fines.  The Department of Motor Vehicles can suspend the defendant’s Class C driver license even without a conviction.

“Of course, when people are arrested for DUI while driving an ATV, many times they argue that they weren’t on a public roadway.  Unfortunately for these defendants, sand dunes are considered public roadways for the purpose of California driving under the influence laws,” said Wittenberg.  “This means that anyone driving in a sand dune while intoxicated can be arrested for DUI.”

Wittenberg has handled many ATV DUI arrests, and she is beginning to see a trend.  “More and more clients are calling me to help defend DUI charges while driving ATVs.  It probably is not due to more people drinking and driving, but more intense surveillance.”

These arrests can happen in a number of ways.  Many times, ATV drivers are turned in by rangers at the dunes.  These rangers will investigate the situation, and then contact the California Highway Patrol or local police department to report a suspicious driver.  In other instances, citizens can call the arresting officers with information about a suspected drunken driver.  The officers will then drive to the scene to investigate the situation and to possibly arrest the offender.

In addition to being illegal, driving an ATV while intoxicated is dangerous.  In the last 20 years, there have been more than 300 ATV-related deaths in California.  It is assumed that at least some of these accidents were due to intoxication of the driver.

“It’s important to use common sense about safety while driving in the dunes,” said Wittenberg.  “Drinking and driving is never a good idea, no matter what vehicle is driven.”

Wendy Wittenberg is an attorney at California-based criminal defense firm The Kavinoky Law Firm.  The attorneys of The Kavinoky Law Firm focus on customer service, and they take pride in their one-on-one approach with clients. They work tirelessly to have the best reputation of all criminal defense firms in the state.  www.NoCuffs.com

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For more information, contact Angie Rupert at (818) 346-4646 or [email protected].
Prepared by Angie Rupert.

Juvenile Justice in California: Dependency and Delinquency

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Juvenile Justice in California: Dependency and Delinquency

California has two courts in which children may find themselves appearing – dependency court and juvenile court. Both are part of the California Superior Court system and both are considered juvenile court. Dependency court is for children who are abused, neglected or otherwise being raised by parents who are deemed unfit to continue raising their children. Basically, children removed from their home, due to no fault of their own, end up in dependency court. Once removed from the home, the government takes responsibility for the children’s health, education and welfare until and unless they can be safely returned to their home or are adopted by another family. Delinquency involves children who do things that would be considered illegal if they were adults. If a child is in this system, he or she may be able to continue living with his or her parents under court supervision or may be removed from his or her home and place in a juvenile detention center or another type of live-in facility, depending on the child’s age, the seriousness of the crime and on the child’s criminal history.

Juvenile Justice works in a number of ways. With respect to dependency, when a parent has been convicted of child abuse, neglect, endangerment or of another domestic violence crime, his or her child may be removed from the home and made a dependent of the court. Whether or not this happens depends on a variety of factors, including whether that parent is married or single and the “fitness” of the other parent if available. If the child is placed under the custody of the court, the court may try to reunify the child and parent if the parent is successfully rehabilitated and follows all of the courts orders in the specified manner. When this happens, the court will offer many services to help benefit both the child and the family. If reunification services aren’t offered either because the court determines that it would be against the “best interests” of the child to do so or because the court finds that a parent can’t be rehabilitated, his or her parental rights may be terminated and he or she may lose that child, in which case alternative placement will be provided.

Delinquency focuses on treating and rehabilitating children. Taking into account the severity of the offense and the criminal history and background of the child, the court will choose to treat the child in a formal or informal detention center (which may be in a jail-type facility or on a ranch in a boot-camp type setting) or may place the child on probation and back in the care of his or her parents. Because the goal of the juvenile justice system is on rehabilitation, and not punishment like the adult justice system, there are several State agencies that play a role in the rehabilitation of the child, including social service agencies, community organizations and schools.

When a child is abusive to his or her parent (which is a type of domestic violence), that parent may, under certain extreme situations, voluntarily place his or her child in the juvenile justice system and ask the court to take responsibility for the child. This may include situations where the child is beyond the parent’s control and refuses to obey his or her parent’s lawful requests. If the parent does so, he or she risks possibly losing the child, as the court may determine that it is the parent who is failing to adequately control the child. This is a difficult situation to be in and professional legal guidance should be sought before making this type of decision.

Defense Attorneys for Child Abuse Law

The compassionate and trusted criminal defense lawyers at the Kavinoky Law Firm specialize in California crimes of domestic violence and on all of the issues that coincide with these types of special cases. If charged with a DV related crime or for questions about the juvenile justice system, contact them for a free consultation.

Classes and Resources for People Involved in Abusive Relationships

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Classes and Resources for People Involved in Abusive Relationships

California courts typically issue protective orders in domestic violence cases involving intimate partners that bar an offender from committing specific acts of abuse, re-entering his or her own home, or exhibiting certain behaviors. Intimate partners may be married, divorced, living together, have children in common, dating or formerly dated and may be straight or gay.

Anyone who fails to comply with the court’s direction can be charged with violation of a protective order. Any intentional and knowing violation of a protective order by an individual against his or her intimate partner is a misdemeanor punishable by a maximum of one year in jail and a $1,000 fine. If the violation results in physical injury to the accuser, the offender will serve mandatory jail time of at least 30 days, possibly up to one year, and the fine may rise to $2,000. California courts can even punish an offender for violating an order in California that was issued in another state.

California has taken a stand on intimate partner abuse by becoming one of the strictest states when it comes to punishing its offenders. The consequences that a defendant faces for violating a protective order that was issued to protect his or her intimate partner are severe because the state hopes to deter the offender from engaging in further illegal conduct.

In an effort to try to put an end to domestic abuse, there are many programs throughout the state that offer services to educate both the victims and abusers involved in these intense, volatile relationships. The services are provided in numerous languages to people of every economic, ethnic and religious background and target both heterosexual and homosexual individuals. If interested in pursuing self-help or if looking to help another, a caring criminal defense lawyer is a great place to start, as he or she will have these types of resources and referrals right at his or her fingertips.

Counseling for those affected by domestic violence is available to not only help the abuser deal with anger management and violence issues, but exists to help empower victims of intimate partner abuse as well. With respect to abusers, the goal of counseling is to help them learn to walk away from potentially explosive situations without resorting to violence. Services for the victim frequently include private or group therapy, vocational training and lessons on how a victim can safely flee from a violent partner.

For the abuser, there are batterer’s classes that are structured courses designed to stop the use of physical, psychological or sexual abuse to gain or maintain control over a partner. Domestic violence statistics reveal that drugs and/or alcohol often accompnay violent incidents, and there are free Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) and Narcotics Anonymous (NA) meetings held throughout the state for the individual who needs this type of help as well. Long-term, live-in facilities are also available if more intense treatment is necessary.

For the victim, there are emergency shelters throughout the state that allow victims and their children to temporarily reside, keeping their identity confidential. The locations of these shelters are kept a secret from the public to further protect the residents. There are also many government financial assistance programs available to help the victim and his or her family get back on their feet and develop their independence.

Individuals affected by domestic abuse can take comfort in knowing that help is available. “SAFE” (Stop Abuse For Everyone) is a fabulous resource, as it breaks down many categories of victims and offenders and then lists several of the state’s programs under each category. The National Domestic Violence Hotline is another great resource both online and via telephone (1-800-799-SAFE). In addition, the compassionate, discreet and trustworthy attorneys at The Kavinoky Law Firm can help refer individuals to a variety of services that will meet their needs.

Defenses to Violating a Protective Order

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Defenses to Violating a Protective Order

There are many effective defense strategies available to fight California domestic violence charges such as violation of a protective order. Protective orders are issued by courts in domestic abuse cases to bar offenders from engaging in specific acts of abuse, re-entering their own homes, or behaving in certain ways.

Any intimate partner can be charged with a California domestic abuse offense, including straight or gay individuals who are married, divorced, living together, have children together, or who are dating or were formerly dating.

Any intentional and knowing violation of a protective order by an individual against his or her intimate partner is a misdemeanor punishable by a maximum penalty of one year in jail and a $1,000 fine. If the violation results in physical injury to the alleged victim, the offender will serve mandatory jail time of at least 30 days, possibly up to one year, and the fine may rise to $2,000. California courts may even punish an offender for violating an order in California that was issued in another state.

The good news is that there are many effective defenses in domestic abuse cases. In an effort to acquit the accused, a good defense attorney will employ as many defenses as he or she can, which all include a thorough review of the facts, witness preparation and effective cross-examination. Altercations between intimate partners are emotional, highly charged incidents that can be interpreted in more than one way. A skilled criminal defense lawyer will ensure that the defendant’s version of events is not only heard by the jury, but believed as well.

Because injury is not a requirement when charging an individual with violating a protective order, any physical evidence and/or eyewitness testimony that supports or negates the charge can be critical to either party. Depending on the circumstances, a good defense lawyer will attempt to either discredit both or alternatively make them favorable to the defense. Similarly, if the protected party sustains no injury and there is no documented proof of the violation or any credible eyewitnesses to the violation, the defense attorney may argue that there is insufficient evidence to prosecute the defendant. A skilled attorney will also know how to address mitigating circumstances that may either reduce or negate the charge. These are just some of the reasons why it is so important to have professional legal representation experienced in this area of the law.

Some other defenses to this crime include legality (was the protective order issued for a lawful purpose?) and knowledge (did the defendant actually know the order existed and have the opportunity to read and/or understand its contents?). Self-defense or the defense of others could be a possible defense, depending on the circumstances surrounding the alleged violation. When an experienced domestic violence attorney reviews the facts of the case, he or she knows how to spot the issues that could ultimately defend his or her client and how to most effectively present them to the court.

Domestic violence statistics reveal that many couples who are involved in an abusive relationship are both victims and both abusers. This means that an accused may also be the victim of his or her intimate partner’s abuse and should not legally bear sole responsibility for the alleged incident. Another example of this power struggle (which is also another common defense) is when the protected party (or so-called “victim”) makes false allegations. A skilled defense attorney knows how to effectively cross-examine a “victim” to prove that the allegations were indeed false and initiated out of anger, jealousy or revenge.

An intimate partner abuse charge such as violating a protective order jeopardizes the defendant’s reputation, livelihood and freedom. In an aggressive effort to acquit their clients, the knowledgeable defense attorneys at The Kavinoky Law Firm will effectively communicate these defenses to the judge and jury. An experienced defense lawyer can outline an aggressive strategy to defend California domestic violence charges during a free consultation.

Criminal forfeiture proceedings

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Criminal forfeiture proceedings are a type of asset forfeiture proceeding that may be initiated against an individual who was involved in illegal marijuana-related activities. Asset forfeiture refers to the process by which the government seizes one’s property (without compensation) when it believes that the property was either used to aid in a criminal activity or was a profit from the illegal activity. Because the laws that regulate asset forfeiture are complex, defending a forfeiture action requires the skill and experience of an attorney who has truly mastered this area of the law.

Criminal forfeiture proceedings may be initiated against an individual in the district in which his or her alleged criminal activity took place. This means that property located outside the United States may still be subject to forfeiture under a criminal proceeding. A Criminal forfeiture will be a part of a convicted defendant’s sentence for certain crimes – as a result, one is only subject to this type of proceeding if he or she has been convicted for the charged offense.

Criminal forfeiture must first be authorized by federal law. If it is, it includes property that was wrongfully used or acquired during the offense for which the defendant was convicted and only applies to property in which he or she has an ownership – but not necessarily an exclusive – interest. This may apply to all types of real property (houses, buildings, etc. and any items – such as marijuana plants – that are growing on, affixed to or found on the land) and all types of personal property (including rights, privileges and interests or claims in stocks, etc.). The government may criminally forfeit property that was involved in or was a profit from the charged offense and may also forfeit any property that it can directly trace back to the illegal activity. It must be noted that simply because an individual has used or transferred his or her profits, proceeds or other property before his or her conviction, it will not prevent the government from reaching and forfeiting the full value of the illegal property, as it can collect the money from any assets still owned by the defendant.

Marijuana and other drug offenses are additionally regulated by their own specific statutes, which is why it is so important for an individual who may be subject to this type of proceeding to retain the legal services of an experienced lawyer. With respect to certain felony marijuana offenses, it is presumed that the government may forfeit property that it declares “drug proceeds” if it can prove by a “preponderance of the evidence” (which means that it was more likely than not) that the property was acquired during the period of the felony violation or within a reasonable time thereafter and that there was no likely source for that property other than the felony violation. In addition, any property that was either used or intended to be used in any manner to commit or aid in the commission of the underlying felony marijuana offense is also subject to criminal forfeiture. This is one area where criminal forfeiture is broader than civil judicial forfeiture proceedings, as there are more limited restrictions on what type of property may be forfeited under civil law.

Depending on which laws regulate the forfeiture proceedings, the government may be held to a preponderance of the evidence standard or a “reasonable doubt” standard – the highest under the law. As a result, it is critical that a savvy criminal attorney represents the accused who understands these different burdens of proof. In addition, if an individual has his or her assets seized, he or she may wish to appeal the decision, which also requires the assistance of a knowledgeable attorney. The exceptional attorneys at The Kavinoky Law Firm are here to help. They receive on-going training and education with respect to this specific area of the law and how it relates to their client’s marijuana cases, enabling them to effectively defend against an asset forfeiture proceeding. Contact them today for a free consultation and for unparalleled legal advice.

Criminalist testimony

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Criminalist testimony in a California driving under the influence of marijuana trial

A driving under the influence of marijuana case presents many challenges to both the prosecutor and criminal defense lawyer that a driving under the influence of alcohol case doesn’t. One of the reasons is because there is no chemical test that gives a “number” as to the level of impairment in a marijuana-related case like in an alcohol-related case. Another reason is that the effects of marijuana on driving aren’t as recognizable or as distinguishable as an alcohol-related DUI. Simply having the drug in one’s system (if evidenced by a blood or urine test) may encourage conservative jurors to incorrectly conclude that the accused must have been under its influence. These are just a few of the reasons why it is imperative that an individual accused of this offense hires an experienced California criminal defense lawyer who specializes in driving under the influence of drugs (DUID) who will know the most effective ways to offer and rebut this type of challenging evidence.

Criminalist testimony regarding driving impairment is vital to the prosecution because there is no “per se” drug test that indicates when an individual is under the influence. As a result, officer observations and criminalist testimony provides the bulk of the state’s case. The criminalist is typically a member of the local police department and, as such, is a member of the “prosecution team”. A good defense attorney will generally address this issue, pointing out the inherent bias that the criminalist therefore has. The criminalist will typically testify that the driving pattern, physical signs and symptoms and behavioral observations reported by the officer are consistent with the known effects of marijuana and that, based on his or her review of the report (never having met or studied the accused), he or she believes that the driver was under the influence of marijuana.

Criminalist testimony, when presented on behalf of the defense, typically addresses the fact that correlating positive marijuana results with a degree of impairment is subjective and makes it difficult to predict with any amount of certainty whether someone was impaired based on a chemical test. The defense’s criminalist will further point out the fact that the effects of marijuana will vary between individuals, influenced by such factors as one’s history of drug use, tolerance, health, an individual’s sensitivity to the drug, metabolism and a variety of other conditions. He or she will explain to the jury that marijuana can be detected in one’s system via a blood or urine test for days and even weeks after use, long after the effects of impairment wear off. Depending on the circumstances, he or she may even call into question the experience, training or observations that the officer made as they relate to marijuana use.

Clearly, criminalist testimony is important to both sides. Even more important is having a criminal attorney who knows and understands the science behind how marijuana affects and remains in one’s body so that he or she can effectively convey the criminalist’s testimony to the judge and jury in an articulate and uncomplicated manner. The exceptional California DUI attorneys at The Kavinoky Law Firm specialize in driving under the influence of drug cases as well as non-driving cases that involve marijuana, which provides their clients accused of driving under the influence of marijuana with unparalleled legal representation. With law offices located throughout the state, including several in and around the Los Angeles area, they are easily accessible for anyone in need of an outstanding defense. They have a variety of criminalist expert witnesses that they rely on, depending on the facts of the case, which allows them to present the most effective defense for each individual client. To learn more, contact The Kavinoky Firm today for a free consultation.